Apple has updated its App Store rules, reversing a longstanding policy that banned emulators on iOS devices. This change opens the door for classic game console emulator apps on the iPhone and iPad, which were previously prohibited under the guideline against apps running external code.
The revised guideline 4.7 now permits “software that is not embedded in the binary” to operate within apps, explicitly including retro game console emulators. This adjustment requires developers to adhere to strict conditions to ensure their apps comply with Apple’s standards. These include adhering to privacy guidelines, providing mechanisms for filtering and reporting objectionable content, using in-app purchases for digital transactions, and maintaining strict data security practices.
Developers must also manage additional content responsibly:
- They are required to follow comprehensive privacy guidelines, particularly concerning the collection, use, and sharing of sensitive data.
- Emulator apps must include features to filter objectionable material, enable user reporting of concerns, and allow for the blocking of abusive users.
- Any digital goods or services offered must use Apple’s in-app purchase system.
- Apps cannot extend or expose native APIs without Apple’s express permission.
- Separate user consent must be obtained for sharing data or privacy permissions with any incorporated software.
- A detailed index of all software and related metadata available through the app must be provided, including links to detailed descriptions.
Given the nature of emulators, which often rely on user-supplied ROM files, the enforcement of these rules poses a challenge. Historically, emulators on jailbroken devices have used various methods to import ROM and BIOS files.
While the legality of emulation itself is not in question—reflecting a precedent set by legal cases such as Connectix’s PlayStation emulator—the use of copyrighted ROMs without ownership remains illegal. The introduction of emulators to iOS and iPadOS could mirror the variety already seen on other platforms like Mac, potentially enriching the app ecosystem with a new category of classic gaming experiences.